Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health coverage, explores the relationship between ageing and memory, what’s considered normal, and when memory problems might warrant closer attention.
Ageing is a natural and inevitable part of life, and as we get older, it’s common to experience specific changes in our bodies and minds.
“One of the concerns that often arises with ageing is memory problems,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health.
“We may need to remember where we put our keys, struggle to recall a name, or find it harder to remember details. But are these memory issues a normal part of ageing, or could they indicate something more serious?”
Understanding Memory
Before diving into the specifics of memory and ageing, it’s essential to understand how memory works.
Memory is a complex process involving three main stages: encoding, storage, and retrieval.
Encoding: This is the process of taking in information through our senses and converting it into a form that can be stored in our brains. It’s like entering data into a computer.
Storage: Once information is encoded, it’s stored in our brains for future retrieval. Storage can be short-term (temporary) or long-term (more permanent).
Retrieval: This is the process of recalling information when we need it. It’s like searching for a specific file in a computer’s database.
Regular Memory Changes with Ageing
As we age, it’s normal to experience changes in our memory abilities. These changes are typically mild and don’t significantly impact our daily lives.
Here are some common memory changes associated with ageing:
Slower Processing: It might take longer to process and absorb new information as we age.
Word Retrieval: Occasionally struggling to find the right word in conversation is expected.
Forgetfulness: Misplacing keys, forgetting appointments, or occasionally needing help recalling names are standard parts of ageing.
Multitasking: Managing multiple tasks at once can become more challenging with age.
Prospective Memory: Remembering to perform future tasks, such as taking medication or attending appointments, may require more reminders.
Recall vs. Recognition: Recognition memory (identifying information when presented with options) tends to be better than recall memory (remembering information independently).
When Memory Problems Might Be a Concern
It’s essential to distinguish between typical age-related memory changes and issues warranting further evaluation.
If memory problems become consistent and start interfering with daily life, it’s a cause for concern, as is a sudden and noticeable decline in memory or cognitive abilities.
Possible Causes of Memory Problems in Older Adults
Several factors can contribute to memory problems in older adults; however, not all indicate a neurodegenerative condition like Alzheimer’s disease or progressive memory impairment syndromes like dementia. Other potential causes may include:
Medications
Mood disorders
Poor sleep quality or insufficient sleep
High levels of stress
Lifestyle factors
Certain medical conditions, such as thyroid disorders, vitamin deficiencies, and infections
Maintaining Brain Health as You Age
Whether you’re experiencing regular age-related memory changes or are concerned about more severe memory problems, there are steps you can take to support brain health as you age. Affinity Health recommends the following:
Stay Mentally Active: Engage in activities that challenge your mind, such as puzzles, reading, new skills, or a new hobby.
Physical Exercise: Regular physical activity has been linked to better cognitive function and memory. Aim for a combination of cardiovascular exercise and strength training.
Healthy Diet: Consume a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Omega-3 fatty acids in fatty fish are particularly beneficial for brain health.
Social Engagement: Staying socially active and maintaining strong social connections can support cognitive function.
Manage Chronic Conditions: If you have chronic health conditions, work closely with your healthcare provider to manage them effectively.
Manage Stress: Practice stress-reduction techniques, such as mindfulness, meditation, or deep breathing exercises.
Get Quality Sleep: Prioritise good sleep hygiene to ensure restorative and sufficient sleep.
Limit Alcohol and Avoid Smoking: Excessive alcohol consumption and smoking can negatively impact cognitive function. Limit or avoid these habits.
